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CVE-2023-32002: HackerOne: CVE-2023-32002 Node.js `Module._load()` policy Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**Why is this HackerOne CVE included in the Security Update Guide?** The vulnerability assigned to this CVE is in Node.js software which is consumed by Microsoft Visual Studio. It is being documented in the Security Update Guide to announce that the latest builds of Visual Studio are no longer vulnerable. Please see Security Update Guide Supports CVEs Assigned by Industry Partners for more information.

Microsoft Security Response Center
#vulnerability#microsoft#nodejs#js#rce#Open Source Software#Security Vulnerability
CVE-2025-21201: Windows Telephony Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N) and the user interaction is required (UI:R). What is the target context of the remote code execution?** This attack requires a client to connect to a malicious server, and that could allow the attacker to gain code execution on the client.

CVE-2025-21200: Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into sending a request to a malicious server. This could result in the server returning malicious data that might cause arbitrary code execution on the user's system.

CVE-2025-21190: Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into sending a request to a malicious server. This could result in the server returning malicious data that might cause arbitrary code execution on the user's system.

CVE-2025-21410: Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N) and the user interaction is required (UI:R). What is the target context of the remote code execution?** This attack requires an admin user on the client to connect to a malicious server, and that could allow the attacker to gain code execution on the client.

CVE-2025-21407: Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N) and the user interaction is required (UI:R). What is the target context of the remote code execution?** This attack requires a client to connect to a malicious server, and that could allow the attacker to gain code execution on the client.

CVE-2025-21406: Windows Telephony Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into sending a request to a malicious server. This could result in the server returning malicious data that might cause arbitrary code execution on the user's system.

CVE-2025-21208: Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into sending a request to a malicious server. This could result in the server returning malicious data that might cause arbitrary code execution on the user's system.

CVE-2025-21376: Windows Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability?** Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires an attacker to win a race condition.

CVE-2025-21369: Microsoft Digest Authentication Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

**How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?** To successfully exploit this remote code execution vulnerability, an attacker could send a malicious logon request to the target domain controller.